Some common substrates you can use in hydroponics systems

A substrate is any non-soil medium that is used in hydroponics systems to support the plant and hold the nutrients and water that the plant needs to grow. Different substrates have different advantages and disadvantages. Here is a quick guide to some of the more common ones.

Clay pebbles

Clay pebbles are a popular choice for hydroponics systems. They are usually expanded by being heated in a kiln to make them more porous. They, therefore, hold water well and will keep the nutrients needed for plant growth. Because of their size, they also provide good drainage and can be cleaned for reuse. Their only real disadvantage is that they can increase the pH level of your solution, although this is only likely to be a problem if you have a very large amount of pebbles compared to the solution.

Lava rocks

Lava rocks are similar to clay pebbles in that they are relatively large and very porous. They, therefore, share the advantages of good drainage and the ability to hold the nutrient solution. They are also cheap and easy to get hold of, as they are in plentiful supply. However, they can have sharp or jagged edges which can tear at the roots of your plants. It is also possible that they can contain traces of aluminium, which can find its way into your solution.

Peat moss

Peat moss consists of partly decomposed vegetation that has built up in layers. This is a much finer substrate than pebbles and is good at retaining moisture without providing too much to the plants. It also stores the nutrients very well and will release them to the plants as they are needed. Against this, peat moss is not a particularly sustainable substrate because it is in the process of decomposition.

Coco coir

Coco coir comes in blocks and is made from coconut husks. This is one of the most environmentally friendly substrates, as it comes from a renewable source and is fully biodegradable after use. It keeps water well and helps to fight against disease and pests as it does not attract bacteria. On the downside, you may find it retaining water too well, which can overwhelm the roots of the plants and cause damage.

There are many other substrates that you can use for your hydroponics system. Just talk to your supplier about your options if you are in any doubt, and you should find yourself with a successful garden. For more information about hydroponic supplies, contact a local shop.